Health Care Spending and Financial Security after the Affordable Care Act

Authors

Allison K. Hoffman, University of Pennsylvania Carey Law SchoolFollow

ORCID

Allison Hoffman 0000-0003-2954-3052

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2014

Abstract

Health insurance has fallen notoriously short of protecting Americans from financial insecurity caused by health care spending. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) attempted to ameliorate this shortcoming by regulating health insurance. The ACA offers a new policy vision of how health insurance will (and perhaps should) serve to promote financial security in the face of health care spending. Yet, the ACA’s policy vision applies differently among insured, based on the type of insurance they have, resulting in inconsistent types and levels of financial protection among Americans.

To examine this picture of inconsistent financial protection, this Article offers a taxonomy to describe ways in which health insurance regulation can promote financial security. It then uses this taxonomy to map the effect the ACA will have on the financial security of various insured populations. Specifically, it analyzes how much a person in poor health might spend out of pocket on health care in three scenarios: a person with average coverage through an individual-market health insurance exchange, a worker with employer-sponsored insurance, and a retiree with Medicare and a supplemental insurance plan. This analysis reveals two effects. First, the ACA alleviates financial risk from health care spending to some degree in all three scenarios. But, secondly, the ACA preserves (and may even exacerbate) variability in the degree and type of financial risk remaining across the three scenarios. In effect, the ACA asserts and affirms different visions of the role of health insurance in promoting financial security for different people. This inconsistency leaves some insured especially vulnerable to spending and creates complexity that may impede insured from comprehending these points of vulnerability.

Keywords

health care, health insurance, health reform, Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, PPACA, ACA, Obamacare, Financial Security

Publication Title

North Carolina Law Review

Publication Citation

92 N.C. L. Rev. 1481 (2014)

Repository Citation

Hoffman, Allison K., "Health Care Spending and Financial Security after the Affordable Care Act" (2014). All Faculty Scholarship. 1886.
https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship/1886